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Acyclovir (acivir) is an antiviral agent (virostatic), an acyclic analogue of guanine, natural component of DNA, a synthetic nucleoside analogue of thymidine.
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Acyclovir (Aciclovir)
Acyclovir (acivir) is an antiviral agent (virostatic), an acyclic analogue of guanine, natural component of DNA, a synthetic nucleoside analogue of thymidine.
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Acyclovir (acivir) is an antiviral agent (virostatic), an acyclic analogue of guanine, natural component of DNA, a synthetic nucleoside analogue of thymidine. The enzyme thymidine kinase of infected by virus cells actively converts (by phosphorylation) Acyclovir into its more active forms Acyclovir triphosphate. Acyclovir triphosphate penetrates the infected cells and inhibits the enzyme called DNA-polymerase and competitive substitutes deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the synthesis of DNA viruses. Acyclovir embeds into viral DNA and blocks viral replication.
The high selectivity and low toxicity to humans is associated with absence of thymidine kinase in healthy cells of macroorganism. Therefore acyclovir does not act on healthy human cells.
Acyclovir is active against herpes simplex virus Herpes simplex types 1 and 2, the virus that causes chickenpox, Varicella zoster, Epstein-Barr virus. Acylcovir oral possesses moderate activity against cytomegalovirus.
In Herpes Simplex infection, Acyclovir prevents the formation of new rash elements, reduces the likelihood of cutaneous dissemination and visceral complications, speeds up the formation of crusts, reduces pain in the acute phase of herpes zoster infection.
After oral administration nearly 20% of acyclovir is absorbed into the blood circulation. Only a small amount of acyclovir binds to plasma proteins by 9-33%. Acyclovir penetrates placental barrier and is found in breast milk. The metabolite of acyclovir is 9-(carboxy methoxymethyl) guanine. Acyclovir is excreted with urine in unchanged form and in the form of metabolite (10-15%). The average half life period is 3 hours.
Indication
Acyclovir comes in the form of tablets 200mg, 400mg, 800mg. Tablets should be taken whole swallowing with sufficient amount of water. Do not crash or split the tablets unless is prescribed by your doctor. The recommended dose for treatment of Herpes simplex infection type 1 and 2 is 200mg 5 times daily (every 4 hours) for a period of 5 days. Try to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain the constant level of medication in your blood.
Contraindications
Acyclovir oral can cause renal damage. Make sure to consult your doctor if you develop any kidney dysfunction during the treatment.
In very rare cases Acyclovir may cause thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS). This conditions is characterized by very low platelets and erythrocytes blood levels. If you develop unusual bruising, hemorrhage or unexplained fever seek immediate medical attention.
Acyclovir oral does not cure genital herpes. It helps only to relieve the symptoms of the disease. You need to avoid sexual intercourse during the treatment.
Try to begin taking Acyclovir oral as soon as the first symptoms occur. It's much more effective if treatment starts at the beginning of the disease.
Acyclovir oral tablets should be used with caution in elderly patients.
Side effects
Drug interaction
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